Prunus x yedoensis

Overview

Genus Prunus
Species yedoensis
Common Name Cheju native flowering cherry, Potomac cherry, Yoshino cherry
Abbreviation P. x yedoensis
Ploidy Diploid
Chromosome Number 2n = 16
Genome Size 260 Mb
Genome Assemblies 1
Cross Reference NCBI taxon: 3759

Organism Image

Description

Prunus × yedoensis (synonym Cerasus × yedoensis) is a hybrid cherry tree between Prunus speciosa (Oshima cherry) as father plant and Prunus pendula f. ascendens (syn. Prunus itosakura, Prunus subhirtella var. ascendens, Edo higan) as mother. It is a hybrid born in Japan and one of its cultivars, Prunus × yedoensis 'Somei-yoshino' or Yoshino cherry, is one of the most popular and widely planted cherry cultivars in temperate regions around the world today. 'Somei-yoshino' is a clone from a single tree, and has been propagated by grafting all over the world. 'Somei-yoshino' inherits Edo higan's quality of blooming before the leaves unfold and it growing into a large-sized tree. It also inherits the characteristics of the Oshima cherry, which grows rapidly and has white flowers. These characteristics are favored and have become one of the most popular cultivars of cherry trees.

One of the spots where P. × yedoensis grows wild is around Funabara Pass on the Izu Peninsula, which is close to the birthplace of its paternal species, Oshima cherry, and the wild P. × yedoensis in the area and the cultivar developed from it are called 'Funabara-yoshino'.

On April 1, 2019, the Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Shimane University and Kyoto Prefectural University announced that they had decoded all the genetic information of 'Somei-Yoshino', and it was revealed that 'Somei-yoshino' descended from Edo higan and Oshima cherry, as is commonly believed. It was also revealed that the two ancestral species separated into different species 5.52 million years ago, and that 'Somei-yoshino' was born by hybridization over 100 years ago.

Although it was not recognized as a 'Somei-Yoshino' at the time of planting, the oldest verifiable record of a 'Somei-Yoshino' tree being planted is a record of its planting in the Koishikawa Botanical Garden in 1775. There are also existing 'Somei-Yoshino' trees planted in Koishikawa Botanical Garden in 1875, in Kaiseizan Park in Kōriyama, Fukushima Prefecture in 1878, and in Hirosaki Castle in 1882, which are sometimes referred to as the oldest 'Somei-Yoshino' trees. As of 2019, the Tree Health Research Society, Japan has recognized the oldest surviving 'Somei-Yoshino' in Japan, the one on Kaiseizan Park planted in 1878, based on the results of radiocarbon dating and other scientific studies.

Whole Genomes

Whole Genome Sequences & Annotations for Prunus x yedoensis

S genes

Prunus S genes Nucleotide

Prunus S genes Protein

Downloads

The Prunus S gene sequences are available in FASTA format.

CDS and Protein (FASTA file) S-gene_Prunus

Publications

Baek S, Choi K, Kim GB, Yu HJ, Cho A, Jang H, Kim C, Kim HJ, Chang KS, Kim JH, Mun JH. Draft genome sequence of wild Prunus yedoensis reveals massive inter-specific hybridization between sympatric flowering cherries. Genome Biol. 2018 Sep 4;19(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13059-018-1497-y.

Shirasawa K, Esumi T, Hirakawa H, Tanaka H, Itai A, Ghelfi A, Nagasaki H, Isobe S. Phased genome sequence of an interspecific hybrid flowering cherry, 'Somei-Yoshino' (Cerasus × yedoensis). DNA Res. 2019 Oct 1;26(5):379-389. doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsz016.

© 2023 National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation / Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences